01 - Whisk together flour, baking soda, baking powder, ginger, cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg, and salt in a medium bowl. Set aside.
02 - Beat softened butter and brown sugar together on medium speed until light and creamy, approximately 2 minutes.
03 - Mix in the egg, molasses, and vanilla extract until fully incorporated.
04 - Gradually blend dry ingredients into wet mixture on low speed until thick dough forms.
05 - Divide dough into two equal portions, flatten into disks, wrap in plastic, and refrigerate for at least 1 hour or overnight.
06 - Heat oven to 350°F and line baking sheets with parchment paper.
07 - On lightly floured surface, roll one portion of chilled dough to 1/4 inch thickness.
08 - Cut shapes with cookie cutters and arrange 1 inch apart on prepared baking sheets.
09 - Bake 8–10 minutes until edges begin turning golden. Cool 2 minutes on pan, then transfer to wire rack.
10 - Stir powdered sugar with 2–3 tbsp milk or water until smooth but not runny. Adjust consistency with additional liquid if needed.
11 - Once cookies are completely cooled, decorate with icing and sprinkles. Allow icing to set before serving or storing.